Improvement in machines for preparing cotton for carding-engines



WITNESSES:

y 7 mvENTo N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHO'ZFAPHER, WASHINGTON, DA C.

UE'TTED STATES PATENT OEETcE.`

ROBERT PILSONOF LAUREL, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR PREPARING COTTON FOR CARDING-ENGINES.

Specification forming part o'Letters Patent No. 59,259, dated October I0, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT PrLsoN, of Laurel, Prince George county, and State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful machine to be used for preparing cotton and other iibrous material for the cards, and which I call a Graduated Lap-Frame;77 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this speciiicat-ion, in which- Figure 1 is a ground plan, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view.

The object of the invention is to prepare the cotton in a superior manner for the card by separating, withoutinjuring the fiber, the inaterial from dirt, dust, and all foreign substances, and enabling the manufacturer to use inferior and dirty cotton, and producing therefrom manufactured fabric equal to that produced from first-grade material, and also saving a large proportion of both labor and wear of machinery, particularly of the cards.

The graduated lap-frame consists of a table (marked A) hinged to the end of the machine, and on which the cotton is spread and presented to the nip of the feeding and drawing rollers, three of which (marked B) are fluted in any suitable manner, and one, B1, smooth, the set nea-rest the cylinder D turning at an increased velocity, so as to produce a drawing action on the material. Under the smooth roller B1, in front of the cylinder, is placed a steel protecting-knife, (marked 6,) which may be so attached to the frame that it may be adjusted as the knife wears away. This knife is to prevent the cotton from clogging or lapping on the rollers, the cotton passing from the rollers to a rapidly-revolving cylinder, (marked D,) which I call the first cleaningcylinder, and in which are placed cylindrical tapering metal teeth. This cylinder receives the cotton from the rollers, disent-angies and opens up the ber, and throws it on the previous cylinder, (marked E,) through which the dustfrom the fiber falls or is drawn in any suitable manner. Above this cylinder,

and nearly in contact therewith, I place a compressing-roller, (marked which condenses the loose ber on thisl cylinder in the form of a bat, and presents it to the next pair of feed-f ing and drawing rollers, from which the material is drawn by the second cleaning-cylinder, D1, which is provided with teeth finer and more thickly set than those of cylinder D. The ber, being thus partially cleaned, is still further distendcd or drawn out, the liner teeth drawing together and laying the ber nearer in parallel lines, which is of very great advantage, each combing action still further cleaning and distending, and finally presents the ber in proper condition for the card. This cylinder Dldeposits its loose fiber into the apartment marked J, provided with a suitable exhaust for the dust and finer particles. In this apartment are placed two perl* vious cylinders, El and E2, and a deliector, F. This delector is also pervious, and is placed at the side of the cylinder El, and prevents the loose fibrous material from passing with the dust out through the exhaust G, and the opened tiber thrown on the surface of the pervious cylinders El and EZ is fed through between the same 5 and by this arrangement of an exhaust above and a pervious cylinder below, acting in the same manner as the cylinder E, previously described, I am enabled more thoroughly to remove the dust from the floating mass.

The material passing between the pervious cylinders E and E2 is partially condensed, and is then still further condensed in passing through between the cylinderEland roller Il. The roller Il also performs thefuncti'ons of a dot'er for,the upper cylinder, E2. This second condensed lap is again presented to theneXt set of feeding and drawing rollers, and then to a third cylinder, D2, provided with teeth still finer and more thickly set than those of cylinder D1, and which gives a finer combing action, and deposits its fiber on cylinders E3 and E4 inan apartment, Jl, provided with a pervious deflector, Fl, and an exhaust actingy in every particular as those already de-l scribed in the apartment J. i

The bat, when compressed between the cylinA der E3 and roller 12, is delivered between condensing-rollers K, the upper ones of which are held in movable bearings, and resting ou which at each side are the levers L, provided with suitable springs and nuts, to adjust the pressure as desired. From between these rollers the lap iirmly compressed passes to and ders,

is wound round a tapering roller, H. This roller is made of met-al, and is tapered from one end toward theother to better facilitate its removal from the lap, and the lap is then ready for the cardin g operation. i

Each cylinder D Dl D2 may be rotated at the same or at increasing velocities. The drawing -rollers may be connected by a suitableV gearing to give a greater or less drawing action, and each lower smooth roller may be provided with an adjustable knife edged cleaner.

Above the machine, and connected withthe apartments J J1, is situated the exhaustingpipe G, through which escapes all dust and light substances, and the same is driven out at the top ot' said pipe, which is open, by the current of air set in motion by the rapid revolution of the several cylinders.

WVhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of vtwo or more sets of drawing-rollers with two or more toothed cylinders, when the rollers and cylinders are arranged in the order described, and the teeth ofthe second and each succeeding cylinder are iiner and more thickly set than those of'. the cylinder immediately preceding it.

2. The combination of two or more sets of drawing-rollers and two or more toothed cylinthe teeth ot' the second and each succeedin g cylinder being ner and lnore thickly set than those of the cylinder immediately preceding 1t, with two or more pervious cylinders through which dust and other impurities may pass, and between the surface of which and a suitable roller the opened brous material, as delivered `trom each'toothed cylinder, passes,and is partially condensed before it is presented to the action ot' the next cylinder.

3. The combination, in a suitable case Y or apartment, of the pervious cylinders El E2 and deflector F, when the said apartment is provided With an exhaust arranged in respect "to the said rollers and deflector substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination of the pervious rollers E1 E2 and fluted roller Il, the three operating to condense the loose fibrous material as received from a toothed cylinder, and the roller Il so arrangedin relation to the' roller 'E2 as to act as a doffer for that roller.

5. The combination of the iuted drawingrollers B, smooth roller Bl, cleaning knife or bar C, and toothed cylinder D, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. The tapering lap-roller H, as and for the purpose described.

7. The combination and arrangement ofthe several devices, as a whole, herein described, and constructed and operating to draw, open, clean, condense, and Wind into a lap cotton or other fibrous material ready for the carding-machine.

ROBERT PILSON. Vitnesses E. I. PHELPs, P. B. S'rI'rsoN. 

